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Pennsylvania Health, Medicare Supplement and Long-Term Care Law: Practice Questions

20 free practice questions with explanations. Pick an answer for each, then check your score.

Exam weight: Pennsylvania rules in the accident and health sections on the Pennsylvania Life, Accident and Health producer exam (16-03). Updated 2026-11-04.

Quick study guide

The 16-03 outline cites a Pennsylvania statute (40 P.S.) or regulation (31 Pa. Code) for most health, senior and long-term care items.

Individual accident and health policies (40 P.S. §§ 752–753)

Pennsylvania's required time limit on certain defenses runs three years from issue. A policy (other than a single premium nonrenewable one) must let the buyer return it within 10 days of delivery for a full refund. The optional relation of earnings to insurance provision compares disability benefits with the greater of current earnings or the two-year average, but never cuts total benefits below the lesser of $200 a month or the sum of the benefits.

Disability income (31 Pa. Code Ch. 88)

For the first 24 months of a claim, total disability must mean inability to do the insured's own regular occupation; after that it may switch to any occupation the insured is reasonably suited for.

Mandated benefits and children

Policies with maternity benefits cover at least 48 hours in hospital after a vaginal delivery and 96 hours after a Caesarean. Newborns are covered from the moment of birth, and adopted children from the date of placement; in both cases the insurer can require notice within 31 days. Group policyholders may choose to cover an unmarried child with no other coverage through age 29.

Group conversion

A member insured for at least three months can convert group medical coverage without evidence of insurability by applying within 31 days; the premium for a group conversion policy is capped at 120% of comparable group rates.

RuleMedicare supplementLong-term care
Free look30 days (31 Pa. Code § 89.783)30 days (40 P.S. § 991.1110)
Preexisting conditions6-month lookback and exclusion at most; none in open enrollment after 6 months' creditable coverageLookback and exclusion of 6 months at most
ReplacementNo new waiting periods once the old policy has been in force 6 monthsReplacing insurer credits time already served

Medicare supplement (31 Pa. Code §§ 89.771 ff.)

Open enrollment lasts six months from the first day of the month the applicant enrolls in Part B. First-year commission may be no more than 200% of the second year's, with level renewals for at least five years. Guaranteed issue applies to people who leave a first Medicare Advantage plan within 12 months.

Long-term care (40 P.S. §§ 991.1105–991.1111; 31 Pa. Code Ch. 89a)

Applicants name a second person to receive lapse notices, or sign a waiver. Insurers must offer 5% compound inflation protection, which is included unless the buyer signs a rejection. Benefits cannot require more than three of six activities of daily living or cognitive impairment, and a rejected nonforfeiture offer still leaves a contingent benefit upon lapse after a large rate increase.

Practice questions

  1. Under the required Time Limit on Certain Defenses provision in 40 P.S. § 753(A)(2), after how long from the date of issue can an insurer no longer use a non-fraudulent misstatement in the application to void a Pennsylvania individual accident and health policy?

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    Answer: C. Pennsylvania's mandatory wording says that after three years from the date of issue, no misstatement except a fraudulent one may be used to void the policy or deny a claim for loss or disability beginning after that period. Pennsylvania's text says three years, so two years is the wrong answer here. A policy the insured can keep in force to at least age 50 (or for at least five years if issued after age 44) may instead use an Incontestable clause that also runs three years, not counting any period of disability.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 7.0: Individual Accident and Health Insurance Policy Provisions, Time Limit on Certain Defenses (40 P.S. § 753(A)(2)); 40 P.S. § 753

  2. Carmen buys an individual hospital and medical expense policy in Pennsylvania and decides after reading it that it is not for her. Under 40 P.S. § 752(A)(10) and 31 Pa. Code § 89.73, she can return it for a full premium refund within:

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    Answer: C. Every Pennsylvania individual accident and health policy except a single premium nonrenewable policy must carry a prominent notice that the policyholder may return it within ten days of delivery, for any reason, and have the premium refunded; the policy is then void from the beginning (40 P.S. § 752(A)(10)). Section 89.73 requires the 'Notice of Insured's Right to Examine Policy for Ten Days' on the face of the policy, offering a full refund. The clock runs from delivery, not application, and the 30-day period applies to Pennsylvania Medicare supplement and long-term care policies, not ordinary health policies.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 7.0: Other General Provisions, Right to Examine/Free Look (40 P.S. § 752(A)(10); 31 Pa. Code § 89.73); 40 P.S. § 752 (Insurance Company Law of 1921, section 617); 31 Pa. Code § 89.73

  3. A Pennsylvania disability income policy contains the optional Relation of Earnings to Insurance provision worded as 40 P.S. § 753(B)(6) requires. When the insured's loss-of-time benefits under all coverage exceed her earnings, which earnings figure does the insurer compare them with?

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    Answer: A. The provision uses whichever is greater: monthly earnings when disability commenced or average monthly earnings for the two years immediately before it. If benefits exceed that figure, the insurer pays only a proportionate amount and refunds the excess premium paid during those two years, but total monthly benefits under all coverage cannot be cut below $200 or the sum of the monthly benefits, whichever is less. The provision may be used only in a policy the insured can keep in force to at least age 50, or for at least five years if issued after age 44.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 8.0: Individual Disability Income Insurance, relation of earnings to insurance (40 P.S. § 753(B)(6)); 40 P.S. § 753

  4. Under 31 Pa. Code § 88.137, a Pennsylvania disability income policy must define total disability by reference to the insured's own regular occupation for at least:

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    Answer: D. For the first 24 months after a loss begins, total disability means inability to perform all the substantial and material duties of the insured's regular occupation; after 24 months of continuous disability the definition may change to any occupation for which the insured is reasonably suited by education, training or experience. Total disability may never be based solely on the ability to perform 'any occupation whatsoever' or to take part in training or rehabilitation. Partial disability can be measured by duties, time worked or compensation (§ 88.138), and residual disability is defined by a reduction in earnings (§ 88.139).

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 8.0: Qualifications of Disability, total, partial and residual (31 Pa. Code §§ 88.137–88.139); 31 Pa. Code § 88.137; 31 Pa. Code § 88.138; 31 Pa. Code § 88.139

  5. A Pennsylvania health insurance policy provides maternity benefits. Under 40 P.S. § 1583, it must cover at least how much inpatient care after a Caesarean delivery?

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    Answer: A. The statute requires at least 48 hours of inpatient care after a normal vaginal delivery and 96 hours after a Caesarean delivery. A shorter stay is allowed only if the attending physician decides mother and newborn meet medical criteria for safe discharge. In that case the policy must cover at least one home health care visit within 48 hours after discharge, with no copayment, coinsurance or deductible.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 9.0: Pennsylvania mandated benefits, postpartum coverage (40 P.S. § 1583); 40 P.S. § 1583

  6. Kim and Luis have family medical coverage in Pennsylvania. A two-year-old child is placed with them for adoption on March 1, and the adoption will not be final for months. Under 40 P.S. § 775.1, the child's coverage:

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    Answer: D. Plans that cover family members must cover adopted children on the same terms as other dependent children, from the date of placement for adoption, and may not apply preexisting-condition limits or underwriting that treat adopted children differently from natural-born children. Coverage does not depend on a final adoption order and continues unless the placement is disrupted; the adopting parents must notify the insurer within 31 days. Newborns are covered from the moment of birth (40 P.S. § 771), and if a specific premium is needed for the child, the policy may require notice and payment within 31 days of birth for coverage to continue (§ 773).

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 9.0: Pennsylvania mandated benefits, coverage of adopted children (40 P.S. § 775.1) and newborn child coverage (40 P.S. §§ 771–775.2); 40 P.S. § 775.1; 40 P.S. § 771; 40 P.S. § 773

  7. Owen, 28, is unmarried, has no dependents, lives in Pennsylvania and has no health coverage of his own. His mother is insured under her employer's group medical policy. Under 40 P.S. § 752.1:

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    Answer: A. At the policyholder's option, group health insurers must extend a child's coverage past the policy's limiting age up through age 29, at the insured employee's expense, if the child is unmarried, has no dependents, is a Pennsylvania resident or a full-time student, and has no other health coverage or government benefits such as Medicare. Residence alone qualifies him, so student status is not required. Federal law separately requires plans that offer dependent coverage to keep children covered until they turn 26 (42 U.S.C. § 300gg-14); the Pennsylvania option does not apply to individual policies, Medicare supplement or long-term care.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 9.0: Pennsylvania mandated benefits, dependent child age limit (31 Pa. Code § 88.32); 40 P.S. § 752.1; 42 U.S.C. § 300gg-14 (dependent coverage to age 26)

  8. Tom was covered for two years under his employer's group major medical policy in Pennsylvania. He quits, and receives written notice of the conversion privilege on his last day. Under 40 P.S. §§ 756.2 and 981-9, he can get a converted individual policy:

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    Answer: A. A member continuously insured for at least three months whose group hospital, surgical or major medical coverage ends is entitled to a converted policy without evidence of insurability, applying and paying the first premium within 31 days after termination; it takes effect the day after the group coverage ends (40 P.S. § 756.2(d)). Conversion is not available if coverage ended for failure to pay a required contribution or was replaced by similar group coverage within 31 days. Notice must be given between 15 days before and 30 days after termination, the person has at least 31 days after notice to convert, and the premium for a group conversion policy is limited to 120% of comparable group rates (§ 981-9).

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 10.0: Group Health Insurance, conversion of coverage (40 P.S. §§ 756.2, 981-9); 40 P.S. § 756.2 (Insurance Company Law of 1921, section 621.2); 40 P.S. § 981-9

  9. Helen turns 65 and her Medicare Part B starts on June 1. Under 31 Pa. Code § 89.778, during which period can a Medicare supplement issuer not deny her coverage or charge her more because of her health?

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    Answer: B. Open enrollment covers applications submitted before or during the six-month period beginning with the first day of the first month the person is enrolled in Part B (or receives notice of retroactive Part B enrollment), and every policy the issuer offers must be available to qualifying applicants regardless of age. An applicant with at least six months of continuous creditable coverage cannot be given a preexisting-condition exclusion; with less, the exclusion is reduced by the creditable coverage. Otherwise a Pennsylvania Medicare supplement policy may exclude a preexisting condition for no more than six months, and only one treated or diagnosed within six months before coverage (31 Pa. Code § 89.778(d); 40 P.S. § 3105(1)).

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Medicare Supplement Insurance, open enrollment (31 Pa. Code § 89.778); minimum benefit standards (40 P.S. § 3105); 31 Pa. Code § 89.778; 40 P.S. § 3105

  10. Under 31 Pa. Code § 89.783(a)(5), a Pennsylvania Medicare supplement policy must carry a notice on its first page giving the policyholder the right to return it for a premium refund within:

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    Answer: B. Medicare supplement policies and certificates must state prominently on the first page that the policyholder may return the policy within 30 days of delivery and have the premium refunded if not satisfied, and the notice must include a mailing address for returns. Ten days is the free look for ordinary Pennsylvania individual accident and health policies (40 P.S. § 752(A)(10)), not Medicare supplement. The issuer must also give an outline of coverage when the application is presented and, except for direct response sales, get the applicant's acknowledgement of receipt (§ 89.783(d)).

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Medicare Supplement Insurance, required disclosure provisions (40 P.S. § 3107; 31 Pa. Code § 89.783); 31 Pa. Code § 89.783

  11. Under 31 Pa. Code § 89.782, an insurer may pay a producer a commission on a Medicare supplement sale only if the first-year commission is no more than:

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    Answer: D. First-year compensation may not exceed 200% of the compensation paid for selling or servicing the policy in the second year, and renewal compensation must equal the second year's and be paid for no fewer than five renewal years. When an existing policy is replaced, the producer may receive no more than the replacing issuer's renewal compensation. Compensation includes any monetary or non-monetary reward, such as bonuses, gifts, prizes, awards and finder's fees.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Medicare Supplement Insurance, permitted compensation arrangements (31 Pa. Code § 89.782); 31 Pa. Code § 89.782

  12. Frank has had a Medicare supplement policy for eight months. He replaces it with another issuer's policy with similar benefits. Under 31 Pa. Code § 89.789, the replacing policy:

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    Answer: A. If the replaced Medicare supplement policy has been in effect for at least six months, the replacing policy may not impose any preexisting-condition, waiting, elimination or probationary period for benefits similar to the original's; if it has been in effect for less time, the new issuer must credit the time already served. The application must ask whether the policy will replace other coverage (40 P.S. § 3108; 31 Pa. Code § 89.784). On a replacement, a producer-sold policy needs a replacement notice before issue or delivery, with the applicant keeping one copy and the insurer a signed copy.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Medicare Supplement Insurance, replacement (40 P.S. § 3108; 31 Pa. Code §§ 89.784, 89.789); 31 Pa. Code § 89.789; 31 Pa. Code § 89.784; 40 P.S. § 3108

  13. When Rosa first became eligible for Medicare at 65, she joined a Medicare Advantage plan. Nine months later she drops it and applies for a Medicare supplement policy, with proof of her disenrollment. Under 31 Pa. Code § 89.790, she:

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    Answer: D. A person who enrolls in a Medicare Advantage plan on first becoming eligible for Part A and disenrolls within 12 months after the plan's effective date is an eligible person (89.790(b)(6)), and may buy any Medicare supplement policy an issuer offers (89.790(e)(3)). For eligible persons the issuer may not deny or condition issue, discriminate in price because of health, or impose a preexisting-condition exclusion (89.790(a)(2)). For a voluntary disenrollment the guaranteed-issue period starts 60 days before the disenrollment takes effect and ends 63 days after it (89.790(c)(4)).

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Medicare Supplement Insurance, guaranteed issue (31 Pa. Code § 89.790); 31 Pa. Code § 89.790

  14. A producer meets a client who is enrolled in a Medicare Advantage (Part C) plan and wants a Medicare supplement policy. Under 31 Pa. Code § 89.787, an issuer may issue the Medicare supplement policy:

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    Answer: B. An issuer may not issue a Medicare supplement policy to someone enrolled in Medicare Part C unless the coverage takes effect after the Part C coverage terminates (89.787(c)). The same section requires the producer to make reasonable efforts to determine whether a recommended purchase or replacement is appropriate, and prohibits any sale that would give a person more than one Medicare supplement policy. No waiver overrides these rules, and there is no 12-month waiting requirement.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Medicare Supplement Insurance, appropriateness of recommended purchase and excessive coverage (31 Pa. Code § 89.787); 31 Pa. Code § 89.787

  15. Under 40 P.S. § 991.1110, how long does the buyer of an individual long-term care insurance policy in Pennsylvania have to return it for a premium refund?

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    Answer: D. Individual long-term care policyholders, and group certificate holders who contribute to the cost, may return the policy or certificate within 30 days of delivery and have the premium refunded if not satisfied for any reason, and the notice must be printed on the first page. An outline of coverage must be delivered at initial solicitation and, when a producer solicits, before an application is presented (40 P.S. § 991.1111). The producer must also deliver the long-term care shopper's guide before presenting the application (31 Pa. Code § 89a.127).

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Long-Term Care Pennsylvania regulations, right to examine (40 P.S. § 991.1110) and outline of coverage (40 P.S. § 991.1111); 40 P.S. § 991.1110; 40 P.S. § 991.1111; 31 Pa. Code § 89a.127

  16. Under 40 P.S. § 991.1105(c), the most restrictive preexisting-condition limitation a Pennsylvania long-term care policy may use excludes a condition:

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    Answer: B. A preexisting condition may be defined no more restrictively than one for which medical advice or treatment was recommended by or received from a provider within six months before coverage took effect, and the policy may exclude a loss from it only if the loss begins within six months after the effective date. The insurer may still underwrite on a full health history, but no rider or waiver may exclude a named condition beyond that six-month period (40 P.S. § 991.1107). When one long-term care policy replaces another, the replacing insurer must waive preexisting-condition and probationary periods already satisfied under the old policy (31 Pa. Code § 89a.122).

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Long-Term Care Pennsylvania regulations, pre-existing conditions (40 P.S. §§ 991.1105(c), 991.1107) and replacement (31 Pa. Code §§ 89a.113, 89a.122); 40 P.S. § 991.1105; 40 P.S. § 991.1107; 31 Pa. Code § 89a.122

  17. Before an insurer may issue an individual long-term care policy in Pennsylvania, 31 Pa. Code § 89a.106 requires it to receive from the applicant:

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    Answer: C. To protect against unintentional lapse, the applicant must either designate at least one person besides themselves to receive notice of lapse or termination for nonpayment, or sign a dated waiver. The policy cannot lapse for nonpayment unless the insurer gives that notice at least 30 days before the lapse date, and the notice cannot be sent until a premium has been unpaid for 30 days. The policy must also allow reinstatement if, within 5 months after termination, the insurer gets proof that the insured had a cognitive impairment or loss of functional capacity before the grace period expired.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Long-Term Care Pennsylvania regulations, unintentional lapse (31 Pa. Code § 89a.106); 31 Pa. Code § 89a.106

  18. Under 31 Pa. Code § 89a.112, which inflation protection feature is included in a Pennsylvania long-term care policy unless the policyholder signs a rejection of inflation protection?

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    Answer: A. Insurers must offer an option at least as favorable as annual increases compounded at 5% or more, a guaranteed right to buy increases of at least that size without evidence of insurability as long as the previous offer was not declined, or coverage of a percentage of actual or reasonable charges with no maximum. The 5% compound feature must be included unless the insurer obtains a signed rejection, and benefit increases must continue regardless of age, claim status or claim history. The disclosure must include a graph comparing level and increasing benefits over at least 20 years.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Long-Term Care Pennsylvania regulations, inflation protection (31 Pa. Code § 89a.112); 31 Pa. Code § 89a.112

  19. Ruth bought a Pennsylvania long-term care policy at age 65 and signed a rejection of the nonforfeiture benefit offer. Years later the insurer's rate increases bring her annual premium to 55% above her initial premium, and she lets the policy lapse within 120 days of the increased premium's due date. Under 31 Pa. Code § 89a.123:

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    Answer: B. When a nonforfeiture offer is rejected, the policy must include a contingent benefit upon lapse, triggered when cumulative rate increases reach the percentage of the initial premium set for the insured's issue age (50% at issue age 65, ranging from 200% at 29 and under to 10% at 90 and over) and the policy lapses within 120 days of the increased premium's due date. Before the increase takes effect, the insurer must offer to reduce benefits so the premium does not rise, offer paid-up coverage with a shortened benefit period, and explain that a lapse during the 120 days counts as choosing the paid-up option. The 100%-or-more thresholds apply only to issue ages under 55, and a full premium refund is not a benefit the section provides.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Long-Term Care Pennsylvania regulations, nonforfeiture benefit (31 Pa. Code § 89a.123); 31 Pa. Code § 89a.123

  20. Under 31 Pa. Code § 89a.124, a Pennsylvania long-term care policy's benefit trigger may be no more restrictive than requiring either cognitive impairment or a deficiency in:

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    Answer: A. Eligibility may not require more than a deficiency in three activities of daily living, or cognitive impairment, and the activities must include at least bathing, continence, dressing, eating, toileting and transferring; a deficiency cannot be defined more strictly than needing another person's hands-on or supervisory help (or supervision or verbal cueing, for cognitive impairment). For a tax-qualified contract (§ 89a.125), the insured must be certified by a licensed health care practitioner within the past 12 months as unable to perform at least two activities for an expected period of at least 90 days, or as needing substantial supervision because of severe cognitive impairment. Three is the Pennsylvania ceiling; two is the federal test for a tax-qualified contract.

    Source: PA 16-03 outline 12.0: Long-Term Care Pennsylvania regulations, benefit triggers (31 Pa. Code §§ 89a.124, 89a.125); 31 Pa. Code § 89a.124; 31 Pa. Code § 89a.125

Where these questions come from: Pennsylvania Life, Accident and Health producer exam outline (series 16-03, PSI, effective 1 Mar 2026), sections 7: Individual Accident and Health Insurance Policy Provisions (7%), 8: Disability Income and Related Insurance (4%), 9: Medical Plans (4%), 10: Group Health Insurance (3%) and 12: Health Insurance for Senior Citizens and Special Needs Individuals (7%). See how we write questions.